Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable lung disease which occurs when airflow in and out of the lungs is limited [44721]. COPD can occur when parts of the respiratory system are damaged, blocked, inflamed or swollen. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are types of COPD, and cause symptoms such as difficulty breathing, coughing and tiredness.

COPD develops gradually over time and can be a result of genetic factors, lung growth and development issues, childhood illness or environmental pollution. In addition, smoking is a major risk factor for COPD [44721].

As a leading respiratory disease among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, COPD is a major cause of illness and mortality among this population [42101][39231]. Although COPD is not curable, there are many strategies to manage the condition and maintain a good quality of life [49186].