Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer develops when cells in the prostate gland grow in an uncontrolled way and form a malignant tumour [1]. Anyone born with a prostate may develop prostate cancer, including transgender and gender diverse people [2]. Risk factors for the disease include age, family history and genetics. It is also associated with high testosterone levels [1].

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males [3], but it is less common among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males than non-Indigenous males. It has a high survival rate [1] and outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people can be supported through equitable, multidisciplinary, culturally safe and patient-centred health care [4][5].

References

Cancer Council Australia (2023). Types of cancer: prostate cancer. Retrieved from: https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/prostate-cancer

Cancer Council Victoria (2024). Cancer in trans and/or gender diverse people. Retrieved from: https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/lgbtqi/cancer-in-trans-and-or-gender-diverse-people.html

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2024). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework report. Retrieved from: https://www.indigenoushpf.gov.au/measures

Chynoweth, J., McCambridge, M.M., Zorbas, H.M., Elston, J.K., Thomas, R.J.S., Glasson, W.J.H., Coutts, J.M., Daveson, B.A., Whitfield, K.M. (2020). Optimal cancer care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a shared approach to system level change. JCO Global Oncology, 2020(6), 108-114. 10.1200/JGO.19.00076

Rodger, J.C., Supramaniam, R., Gibberd, A.J., Smith, D.P. , Armstrong, B.K. , Dillon, A. , O'Connell, D.L. (2015). Prostate cancer mortality outcomes and patterns of primary treatment for Aboriginal men in New South Wales, Australia. BJU International, 115(Supplement S5), 16-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bju.12899